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J.N. PARRAR. RAILWAY GAR WHEELS.

110.109.310. Patented N0V.15, 1870.

entita sont JOH-NN. FARRAR. OF PEPPERELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

i Leners Patent No. 109,310,11aea November 15, 1870.

The Schedule referred to in these Letten Patent and making part of the same.

I, .Tons N. Fanmn, of Pepperell, in the county of Middlesex and `State of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in 'Oar-Wheels and Axles, of which the following is a specification.

`Figure 1 represent-s a longitudinal central section of my improved wheel and axle; and

Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12,and13,de`

as to secure elasticity of tread, by means of rubber,

cr rubber ,and Wood-packing under the tire, in such manner as to secure strength under `concussion, and

to avoid any displaccincnt of parts.

In the drawing;-

A represents the body ot' the wheel, cast with a flange al upon the inner side of its tread a'igvalsc, a row of cogs, F, cast in the right angle between the tread c2 and flange al, also, raised from the tread a? is a thin rim or ring, z, and on the inside Iof' the wheel, around thc bolt-holes, are depressions', r, for holt-nuts. .Lhc tread a2 is slightly beveled.'

'lhe cogs may be made of wood, set ina mortisc, as shown in fig. 1; or the metallic cogs may be united all the way around the tread, forming a shoulder, H, as shown in fig. 2. The rim ,c may bc made separately from the body of the wheel A,vor'be cast in cogs, as shown in dotted lines in fig. 5.

Upon the tread or face a is placed a packing, B,y

-formed by a combination of rubberb and wood,'b', which packing is fitted closely between the cogs l*l and rim or ring s, and is sufficiently thick to project above the cogs li and rim s; the rubber b may be solid or of skeleton form, by holes, grooves, or their equivalent, as shown in figs, 9, l0, and 11.

On thc cog side of the flange a rests a rim o f rub hei-or other soft and flexible material, g,w hicl1 extends down between the-cogs 11 and under or unit-cd with the rubber-packing B.

Outside of thc ri-m of elastic 'substance y is a `metallic washer, y, which is fitted closely to thc cogs F.

Upon the elastic packing B is a closed thin tire or band, c, which can be made to tightenv upon the packing B .by means, of akey, J, placed in a hole through the flange al, which, when-turned,'twists the band upon itself in a small rectangular recess, h, made in and outhe tread a of the wheel A,

Dis a metallic. tire, with an outwardly-projecting flange u extending upward along the .inside of the flange al, but allowing room between for the rubber rim g and metallic washer y,

It also has au inwardly-projecting flange, w, which extends downward to the tread a, leaving sufficient room for proper elastic radial mot-ion to the tire I).

This tire l) is made slightly flaring on the inside, the greater diameter being under the flange w.

VThe tire D is held in place andpievented from slipping on'thc elastic packing B'by a cog, s, made on the inside of the tire, as shown in fig. 8, which fit-s int-0 a corresponding niche, s', in the body of the wheel or rim z, or fitted between the cogs lf, as shown in fig. 4.

The tire l) is kept in place by aring collar-plate, E, which tits into a recess formed for its reception ou the side of the body A, to which it is securely bolted.

lil is a shaft, upon which is secured the-wheel.

L represents a head or shoulder, turned upon the end of cach wheel-shaft or central axle.

L is a long round box, made in two pieces, 'ni-ade' stronger midway, with a reccss, 'o, formed in the bore,at the center, of proper size and shape to fit the heads l.; 7s of the shafts K K, and allow a free rotation. of thesame therein. i

The box L is formed so as to extend` the whole length, or nearly so, of thc shafts K, from wheel to wheel. y

The pieces ot which the box L4 is composed are firmly bound together, overthe 'central shafts, by strong metallic bands man shrunk or bolted around the same, the whole"forming.an axle which will revolve as one piece, o'r allow cach wheel to act independently, as 'circumstances require.

By this construction the axle will allow each wheel to roll independently aroundcurves without injury to themselves or the rails over which they run, as is frequently the case when the wheels and axle are rigidly connected, and consequently, always hold: the

D n u v same relative potitlonto each other, and 1n passing,

Vcurves will rasp and injure both wheels and railsby draging the outer wheel on the rail, and materially increasing the liability to accident by breaking the wheel, or flange and breaking or forcing apart the rails; t

As all the parts of the axle combined will resolve whenever the lwheels are in motion, it resembles n solid axle; the construction thereof is neat, simple, and strong.

AThe tire D will yield lwhen the wheel strikesv an 'obstruction,thus softening the concussion,'r.educing 'the wear and battering of the wheels and rails, and

rendering them more durable.

The packing ll,bcing somewhat .elast-ic, prevents much of the constant jar and noise and harsh sensations attending the passage of the car, which-is 'unavoidable in the oldmanner.

-reduce the liabilitty of breaking the flange. The washery prercntsthc tire-flanges from wearing the elasticri n1' y.

The cogs F or. shoulders H serre both to strengthen the auge aiof the whcel A, and as a safety- `rest for the tirezD' in case it should receive a blow sufiicient to injure the packing B.

t l The inwardly-projecting flange is at the same distance from the tread c2 that the cogs F are from the tire over them, and therefore will both strike' together. These cogs may bcof wood if desired, asv before mentioned. Y Y y .c

vIn allordin'ary usage, andnndcr all circumstances proper to the practical method of railroading, the

tie* D is not intended ever th compress the packing sufiiciently to' reach or come in contact with the cogs F `or -body of the wheel; but, if in anaccident the wheels should come in contact with any formidable obstacle on thetrack, the packing B will be protected thereby.

The packing B may be ot' skeleton form or solid, as before mentioned, to snit light or heavy cars. The wood 7J may be under or above the rnbbclyor between two layers of the, same, as shown in fig. 1.2. The rim s prevents the packing from coming in contact with the inwardly-ln'ojeeting flange of the tire D'; it may be east with the body A of the wheel, or separately, in a ring form, as before mentioned.y

The closed band c is tightened upon thc packing B by the Vkey J, so as to allow the flaring inside of' the tire D to be firmly and easily secured to the wheel. When the key is removed, the band c is allowed to relax against the tire D, thus forming a strong and compact wheel.

Having thus fully described my invention,

WVhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Let'- ters Patent, is-

1. The wheel A, provided with cogs 11 and flange 2, in combination with the tire D provided with the flange w, and with the interposed packing B, sub-A stantiall y as described.

2. lhe combination of elastic rim g, packing B, washer y, and flange a, substantially as set forth` The packing B, in combination with arranged within the flange w'of lthe tire forth. t

4. The packingl B, composed of rubber b and wood b combined, thernhber being solid, or skeleton-formed by means of any shaped holes or grooves, all substantially as shown.

5. The combination of closed band c, key J, and leetangnlar recess h on tread a2, substantially as set orth'.

6. The combination and arrangement of the inwardly-projcctin g flange wwith relation to the tread a?, thc flange z', and the rim E, substantially as sel; forth.

7. The combination of body of wheel A cast with flange al packing 15,' constructed and arranged as described and modifications shown, elastic rim g, cog- D, all as set and tire. l), all arranged substantial] y as described.

In testimony whereof, I hare signed my naine to this specification in the presence of' two subscribing 'CARROLL D. WRIGHT,

CHARLES. F. BROWN.

ged or plain rinl or ring :7, band c, ring collar-plate E, 

